Journal article
Homologous and heterologous boosting of the Chadox1-S1-S COVID-19 vaccine with the SCB-2019 vaccine candidate: a randomized, controlled, phase 2 study
- Abstract:
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Background: Ongoing outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are driven by waning immunity following primary immunizations and emergence of new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants that escape vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies. It has been suggested that heterologous boosters could enhance and potentially maintain population immunity.
Methods: We assessed the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of booster doses of different formulations of aluminium hydroxide–adjuvanted SCB-2019 vaccine (9 μg of SCB-2019, with or without CpG-1018 adjuvant, or 30 μg of SCB-2019 with CpG-1018) in Brazilian adults primed with ChAdOx1-S vector vaccine. S-protein antibodies and ACE2-binding inhibition were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on days 1, 15, and 29. Participants self-reported solicited adverse events and reactions.
Results: All SCB-2019 formulations increased S-protein ELISA antibodies and ACE2 binding inhibition to a greater extent than ChAdOx1-S. After 30 μg of SCB-2019 + CpG + aluminium hydroxide, titers against wild-type S-protein were significantly higher than after ChAdOx1-S on days 15 and 29, as were titers of neutralizing antibodies against the wild-type strain and Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron variants. Boosting with SCB-2019 or ChAdOx1-S was well tolerated, with no vaccine-related serious or severe adverse events.
Conclusions: Boosting ChAdOx1-S-primed adults with SCB-2019 induced higher levels of antibodies against a wild-type strain and SARS-CoV-2 variants than a homologous ChAdOx1-S booster, with the highest responses being with the 30-μg SCB-2019 + CpG + aluminium hydroxide formulation.
Clinical Trials Registration: NCT05087368
- Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
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(Preview, Version of record, pdf, 681.0KB, Terms of use)
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- Publisher copy:
- 10.1093/ofid/ofac418
Authors
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- Journal:
- Open Forum Infectious Diseases More from this journal
- Volume:
- 9
- Issue:
- 8
- Article number:
- ofac418
- Publication date:
- 2022-08-16
- Acceptance date:
- 2022-08-11
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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2328-8957
- Pmid:
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36043184
- Language:
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English
- Keywords:
- Pubs id:
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1277588
- Local pid:
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pubs:1277588
- Deposit date:
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2023-05-15
Terms of use
- Copyright holder:
- Costa Clemens et al.
- Copyright date:
- 2022
- Rights statement:
- © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected]
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