The Protestant Cemetery, Rome

British School report 2002 (by Sarah Court)

Introduction

This report is a summary of the work that has taken place in the Cimitero Accatolico by the foreign academies in Rome over recent years. It is by no means an exhaustive document, but aims to provide an overview with indications of where project documentation is archived so that the information and results achieved will not be lost.

The first section of this document describes the campaigns of work in the Cemetery – 1984-86 and 2001-02 being the main years of activity. There follows various pieces of information which may be useful for any follow up work, including resulting publications, archive contents, changes to the memorials at the Cemetery, recent evaluations, etc.

On the final page are the details of those organisations and individuals who would be useful to contact for further information.

The first project (1984-1986)

Historically the General Commission of Ambassadors have taken responsibility for the Cimitero Acattolico in Rome, and under their direction an Aesthetic Committee was formed from members of Rome's foreign community, and which worked in an advisory capacity to the Ambassadors and the Cemetery Director.

In 1981 the Aesthetic Committee held a meeting to discuss problems that had arisen from damage to tombs caused by severe storms, and their restoration was discussed. As it was discovered that there were longer term problems of damage to the memorials through vandalism, theft and decay it was decided that a full assessment of the site and the condition of its monuments should be made. Furthermore, as the original cemetery records had been lost in the Second World War it was decided that a new inventory and archive should be created.

This meeting led to David Whitehouse, Director of the British School at Rome, and Carl Nylander, Director of the Swedish Institute in Rome, initiating a project to document the Cemetery in a systematic way. They invited Sebastian Rahtz (then of the British School at Rome) to lead the project, as he had gained experience in the UK in cemetery archaeology, and had researched and worked in the Protestant Cemetery for his Masters thesis; Rahtz then submitted a project proposal to the General Commission.

Funding came for the original project came from the General Commission, the British School at Rome, King Gustaf VI Adolf's Fund for Swedish Culture, the Nordisk Kulturfond and the Carl-Bertel Nathorsts Fond. The project began with joint direction from the British School and the Swedish Institute (although following Whitehouse's departure from Rome Nylander took overall responsibility) and with participants from Britain, Sweden, Denmark, Norway and the USA.

Fieldwork in the Cemetery was undertaken from 1984 to 1986, and was led by Sebastian Rahtz. Record sheets were created to fully describe and record the details of each individual monument in the Cemetery, and the inscriptions recording the individuals commemorated there. Each record sheet contained detailed information, such as: -

data on each physical monument, such as its exact location, size, typology, number of inscribed faces, existence of kerb, mason's name, etc; records of the individuals buried in the Cemetery or commemorated there, as recorded in the inscriptions on the monument; the exact text of the inscriptions, recorded according to their wording, font and typographical organization on the stone; funerary symbols and other iconographic elements inscribed on the monument, and sculptural decoration that formed part of the memorial.

Furthermore, the Cemetery was accurately surveyed, with each monument measured and plotted on a detailed plan of the Cemetery, creating a complete record of the situation at the site in 1986.

Sebastian Rahtz, now based at IT Services of the University of Oxford, oversaw the digitisation of all this information, and subsequently created a computer database. As the foundation of this database is a catalogue of all stones recorded in the Cemetery, with their comprehensive descriptions. There is also a digital plan of the Cemetery which is directly linked to the catalogue, and allows individual monument records to be found by clicking on the stones in the plan.

The database is still being worked on by Rahtz at the University of Oxford. The original records sheets are held in the archaeological archive at the British School at Rome (see page 42). The correspondence relating to the project is kept in the archive of the Swedish Institute (see page 45).

An assessment of the monuments was made in terms of their art-historical importance. In collaboration with the Fototeca of the Bibliotheca Herziana, about a third of these were photographed to create a permanent record before further deterioration occurred. This photographic collection is still held at the Fototeca Herziana, and although it is uncertain exactly how many photographs are held there, Dr Johannes Röll estimated that during 1985 alone 277 photographs of the Cemetery were consigned to the Fototeca (see page 47).

Even after the fieldwork in the Cemetery was finished, the activity there went on to stimulate further research by scholars associated with the project and the institutions involved. Various researchers examined archival records, old guide books, travelogues, vedute, and even the Cemetery flora to further understand the history of the site. Extensive prosopological work was also undertaken identifying and relating the individuals commemorated at the Cemetery within their historical context, giving an important insight into past practices at the site and the community that made use of it. This expansion of scholarship led to the Unione Internazionale degli Istituti di Archeologia, Storia e Storia dell'Arte in Roma taking responsibility for the continuation of the project. As a result the Cemetery Project Committee was formed, and one of their most important contributions was the funding of a series of publications (see page 7).

Select bibliography resulting from 1980s work at the Cemetery

Ippolito, A.M. & Vian, P. (1989) (eds) The Protestant Cemetery in Rome: The ‘Parte Antica'. Rome, Unione Internazionale.

Krogel, W. (1995) (ed.) All'Ombra della Piramide: Storia e interpretazione del Cimitero Acattolico di Roma. Rome, Unione Internazionale.

Nylander, C. (1992) ‘The people at the pyramid: notes on the Protestant Cemetery at Rome' in T. Hall, et al. (eds), Docto Peregrino: Roman Studies in Honour of Torgil Magnuson. Rome, Suecoromana I.

Rahtz, S.P.Q. 1987. The Protestant Cemetery, Rome: An Interim Report. Rome, P. Aaröm Förlag.

Additional survey material (1996)

Sebastian Rahtz visited the Cemetery independently on 11-12 September 1996, and made this short list detailing the changes that had been made in the Zona Vecchia from the end of the official survey in 1986 and his visit ten years later. Those monuments that were moved may have gone to other parts of the Cemetery.

Between 90 and 91, new headstone, Julian Jenkyns 1993 Between 97 and 98, new headstone, Derrick Plant, 1994 Between 109 and 110, new plaque on base, Alessandro Corsi 1987 121 (dated 1956), 9001 (dated 1957), 9002 (dated 1951) and 9003 (dated 1949) all removed 133, new inscription 1993 156 and 9076 merged into new headstone, re-using the sculpture from 156; inscription not identical 185, new inscription 1989 208, new inscription 1997 203 (dated 1837) and 204 (dated 1839) removed, replaced by: - Headstone, Manfredo Tafuri, 1994 Plaque on base, Ugo Lercher, 1996 Plaque on base, Flora Jackson, 1994 9004, new inscription 1993 Between 223 and 222, new plaque on base, Emilio Kronn, 1987 236 (dated 1833) removed, replaced by: - plaque on base, Meinhard Muller, 1992 241, new inscription 1990 245, inscription totally re-cut, with places of birth and death removed 247 (dated 1842) removed 283 removed, replaced by: - plaque on base, Lynn Sbiroli, 1992 325, changed from ledger to headstone with re-cut inscriptions, and new inscriptions 1989 and 1993 330, new inscription 1987 344, new inscription 1991 between 358 and 360: - plaque on base, Robert Haywood, 1987 ledger with book, Gregorio Sciltian, 1985, and Elena Sciltian, 1991 363, new inscription 1994 366, new inscriptions 1989 and 1991 367, restored in 1986 by American community, according to an inscription 380, new inscription 1992 390 (dated 1851) removed, replaced by: - ledger and stone cube, Perugini 1995; the old memorial is referenced by an inscription on the new one 399 moved, joined with 398, replaced by: - headstone for Gianlorenzo Montesi, 1995 403 (dated 1864), 404 (dated 1929), 405 (dated 1934) removed, replaced by: - large ledger for Famiglia Boll, with one inscription for Anita, 1961 410 totally re-cut, in roman script rather than Greek Between 414 and 415, new plaque on base, Dora Prosser, 1985 419 (dated 1852) and 420 replaced by: - headstone, Andrea Della Mora, 1994 headstone, Dayton Albert Allen, 1988 424, new inscriptions 1985 and 1995 427 (dated 1854) removed, replaced by: - plaque on base, Luciano Ceccurelli, 1981 plaque on base, Derek Faulkner, 1987 plaque on base, Aurelio Milloss, 1988 434, new inscription 1990 441 completely re-cut as ledger (was plaque on base) `Bernardino' now `Dino' 445, new inscription 1995 Between 455 and 456, new plaque on base, Cristoforo Raspnolo, 1988 New Danish communal tomb approximately below 462

The second project (2001 - 2002)

In 2001 concerns were raised in a meeting of the Aesthetic Committee of the Cemetery over the management of the site, and as a result the chairman of the Committee, Andrew Wallace-Hadrill, Director of the British School at Rome, decided to re-examine the site.

Sarah Court, a research assistant at the British School, examined the records of the earlier survey at the Cemetery and contacted Sebastian Rahtz, who generously gave a copy of his database, which is a completed digital record of the work that had been done there. A first preliminary survey at the Cemetery was undertaken, using the Zona Vecchia as a sample. It was found that 63 individuals had been commemorated since 1984, that is, there were 50 new monuments in the Zona Vecchia. This sample of new graves was also cross-checked with the official Cemetery database that they publicise on their website (www.protestantcemetery.it). It was found that 22 of these new memorials (a third) were not listed there, raising concerns about the completeness and reliability of the official record of burial in the Cemetery, and the maintenance of records (see page 12).

Sarah Court, with Elizabeth O'Keeffe and Neil Oddie, then went back to the Cemetery over the summer of 2002 to compare the 1980s catalogue of monuments with the current situation. Using print-outs of the catalogue they noted which stones had been removed from their original location, which had been altered, and which were in a severe case of disrepair. Where there were new stones, or stones with additional inscriptions these were recorded on survey sheets using the same recording methods as the 1980s survey, so as to make the results compatible (see pages 14, 15).

The results of this work were enough to prove that it was necessary to investigate further into the management practices at the Cemetery. Copies of these results were handed over to the Ambassadors to help with this, as well a set being held in the British School archive with the original project material (see page 47).

It was found that since 1986:

231 stones had been removed (i.e. no longer in original position) 264 new stones had been inserted into the Cemetery 370 new individuals had been commemorated in the Cemetery

More detailed results follow in a tabulated form.

Preliminary sample survey (2001)

The list below contains the names of those people commemorated in the Zona Vecchia of the Protestant Cemetery after 1984. Those names which are enclosed together in a box share the same monument. Those names with an asterix were not found in the official Cemetery database on their website www.protestantcemetery.it.

Julian Percival Jenkins* 1993 Mira Fattori* 1984 Derrick Plant 1994 Herbert Norman* 2000 Alessandro Corsi 1987 Diana Corsi* 1995 David Craig 1996 Margot Rossler Contessa Cippico 1983 Conte Aldo Marino Cippico 1985 Rosemary Sprehe* 2000 Laszlo A Sikabonyi 1998 Peter Durst 1989 Nathaniel Rahim Hammond 1996 Jolanda Vosely Torraca* 1995 Antonello Torraca 1997 Antonio Zezza 1999 Flora Jackson 1994 Ugo Lercher 1994 Ginevra and Ugo Maria 1996 Manfredo Tafuri 1994 Geoffrey Palmer James 1984 Palmer Judson James 1993 Myra James 1996 Francesca Klar* 1997 Dora Bernhard* 1998 Meinhard Alfred Muller 1992 Emilio Kronn 1997 Beatrice Pini* 1986 Renato Pini 1987 Richard Mason 1997 John Hardiman 2000 Irene Hardiman* 2001 Jeannette Suares* 1993 Brigitte Oliva Niggli* 2000 Robert Norwell Haywood 1987 Giuseppe Perugini 1995 Agnes Paulina Sumner* 1980 Gino Filipetto 1989 Margit Filipetto* 1991 Gianni Lazzari 2000 Ethel Nelson 2000 Anna Maria Pecora* 1984 Lili Bendix* 1987 Augusto Schiani 1989 Adriana de Bonis in Schiani 1993 Giovanni Andrea Alessandro Conticello 1999 Allen Albero Damato* 2000 Federico Suriano 1996 Dario Valeri 1993 Alessandro Simone Jori 1999 Aurelio Giunchi 1999 Marcia Lucile Roberts* 1992 Pierina Savvanis* 1987 Hans Boll* 2001 Katerina Miller* 1984 Gianlorenzo Montesi 1995 Aurora Ughes 1991 Antonino Loiacono 1993 Nicole Jeanine Couston 1996 Gianni Giovanni Rossi 1990 Elena Rossi* 1999 Luciano Ceccarelli 1985 Derek Evelyn Faulkner 1987

Sample record sheet (2002)

CIMITERO ACATTOLICO, ROMA

- Inscription Record - STONE:

Inscr. No:

Monument: chest; column; cross; headstone; ledger; pedestal; plaque on base;

plaque on ground; plaque on wall; other (specify):

Face of stone: cemN; cemS; cemE; cemW; top; round.

Condition: v. good; good; reasonable; bad; unreadable.

Manner: incised; incised & coloured; incised & filled; raised stone; raised metal;

incised on metal; other (specify):

Type: primary; secondary; prim. comment; sec.comment; mason; graffito

Languages:

General location:

Inscription: Style L/R/C/B

Symbols used:

Recorded by: Date: Amended: Finished?

Inscription recording guidelines (2002)

The new inscription record sheets have been left as closely to the original 1985 Survey sheets as possible, so that the information can be combined. For this reason it is important to use the following categories to record any commemorations since 1985. When checking the monuments against the current records it is important to be aware that many monuments have additional inscriptions, and these need to be noted as well as the entirely new graves. Where monuments remain the same it would be useful to note if there has been any obvious deterioration in the quality of the inscription, and any lines of text that have become illegible should be noted on their record sheets.

Stone no. New stones will be given new numbers for the 2002 Survey, starting from 100 to ensure the numbering does not get confused.

Inscription no. A new inscription number (and therefore new recording sheet) will be given to each side of a monument that has an inscription on it.

Monument This is an additional category added for the 2002 Survey to help in identifying the recent burials; we are not making a full record of the monument itself in this stage in the survey, so this is only a rough classification. The categories are as follows:

Chest: classic sarcophagus shape;

Column: column with capital;

Cross: free-standing cross;

Headstone: upright rectangular slab inscribed on one face;

Ledger: full-sized slab covering the whole grave;

Pedestal: square altar-like monument with pediment;

Plaque on base: small plaque set at an angle on a square base;

Plaque in ground: plaque set in ground as marker (rather than grave-covering ledger);

Plaque on wall: plaque attached to cemetery wall.

Face of stone The cemetery is taken to be on a roughly W-E orientation, and it should be noted on which side of the monument the inscription occurs; cemW means ‘west according to cemetery orientation'. Horizontal inscriptions are on top and there are also inscriptions that run round the monument.

Condition This is a subjective opinion on part of the person recording the inscription. Any unreadable lines of text can be indicated in the main body of the record sheet as lines of dots (……………) to show that the inscription continues but is illegible.

Manner This describes the physical form of the inscription, whether it is incised or the letters are raised and any colouring/filling of the letter shapes.

Type The primary inscription is the commemoration that was originally inscribed when the monument was first set up. Secondary inscriptions are those which commemorate another person at a later date. Comments are non-commemorative inscriptions that appear on another face of the monument, separate from commemorative inscriptions, eg ‘God is love'; comments can be primary or secondary (ie part of the original design or added at a later date). Mason is to denote those marks left by masons or artists as signatures on their work. Any modern graffiti is also noted.

Languages The language of the inscription is noted here. If it is not evident (eg sometimes there is only a name and numerical date) this should be left blank.

Inscription In this space the inscription should be written down. Lower and upper case should follow the original, as should possible mistakes or foreign alphabets, etc. The exact line lengths should be followed, ie do not make a line break where one does not occur on the monument.

Style Next to the transliterated inscription a note should be made for each line whether it is O (ordinary) or I (italic) script. No comment is necessary on the font.

L/R/C/B This is to describe the position of the inscription on the stone, and should be noted for each line of inscription. L is left justified, R is right justified, C is centred and B means that there is a blank line left in the middle of an inscription.

Symbols used Any symbols used within the inscription should be sketched here.

New stones in the Cemetery (1984-2002)

The following table is a summary of the new records that were noted in the survey undertaken in the summer of 2002, one of the main aims of which was to note how many new stones had appeared in the Cemetery since the survey in the 1980s. The stones with very early dates seem to be anomalous, and may result either from having been overlooked in the 1980s project, or during the 2002 survey they may not have been found on the Cemetery catalogue. The database has been ordered by year of death to show trends in the numbers of new graves over the years. The database was then used to create a bar chart illustrating the comparative numbers of new graves in recent years, and this chart is found at the bottom of the table. Where appropriate the maiden names of female memorials were included in this list to allow a preliminary understanding of the variety of nationalities within the Cemetery.

Stone no Name Year of death 10.052 ….Ludvig 10.149 Stefano Tasso 10.048 Anna Calissoni nata Bulgari 10.315 Cannata Schiliro 10.189 Mulas Mereu 10.301 Rosamond Fay Hawthorne 10.134 Bonacci 10.072 M. Cristina Busiri vici Jatta 10.259 Shute-Amenta 10.046 Bulgari 10.054 Oluf Bang 1522 10.051 Luigi Tach 1854 10.145 William Graham Thurnam 1859 10.014 Carl Friedrich von Gueldenstubbe 1862 10.050 Martin Schneekloth 1871 10.217 Harry Lowe 1873 10.227 Sofia Worthington 1883 10.215 Oberst Emilie von Horn 1892 10.217 Sarah Lowe née Bruce 1893 10.027 Elizabeth Gerry 1912 10.217 Mary Harriet Bounous née Lowe 1920 10.004 Laszlo A. Sikabonyi 1927 10.366 Paoline Miliutin 1929 10.379 Alessandro Zinovieff 1931 10.187 Charles Gordon Henderson 1933 10.019 Nicola Basios 1935 10.192 Sigred Gullbrandsen 1935 10.087 Betty Müller nata Hausdorf 1938 10.366 Elena Miliutin 1941 10.159 Laura Larsen 1942 10.182 Georg Boltho von Hohenbach 1942 10.331 Anna Matchabelli nata Eristoff 1943 10.343 Vladimir Drutskoy Sokolinsky 1943 10.088 Josephine Cattani nata Redlich 1944 10.080 Wilhelm Hallier 1946 10.172 Senofonte Manias 1947 10.082 Louis Denham Fouts 1948 10.379 Venceslao Ivanov 1949 10.061 Vera Mauke 1949 10.002 Valerie Anne Gisella Craig 1949 10.002 George Donald Craig 1951 10.019 Giorgio Savvanis 1952 10.250 Helen Scoponi née Le Roy King 1952 10.087 Henry Sonneman 1954 10.002 Betty Marion Craig neé Richmond 1956 10.363 Erich Adolf Schmerel 1956 10.343 Maria Drutskoy Sokolinsky nata Protasoff 1956 10.263 Marian Grace Jordan nata Clayton 1956 10.180 William Howard Ames 1957 10.175 Alessio Issupoff 1957 10.001 Egerton Herbert Norman 1957 10.002 Gisella Craig née Fadin 1957 10.140 Lydia Wiscovatoff 1958 10.108 Ethel Ohlson née Fowler 1959 10.173 Harold Charles Lehrs Gibson 1960 10.171 Anne Sophie Carlander 1960 10.270 Galina Gonios nata Sudeikina 1961 10.139 John Boerger 1961 10.018 Anita Carmignani 1961 10.102 Dora Selina Jucker 1961 10.363 Anna Schmerel nata Lipowsky 1962 10.025 Ernesto Klar 1962 10.112 Johanna Schulze geb. Pohl 1962 10.190 Mehoi Frashëri 1963 10.079 Zorka Karanikolova nata Tocheva 1963 10.217 Giulio Enrico Bounous 1963 10.044 Dino Giacometti 1963 10.343 Elena Baranovitch nata Drutskoy Sokolinsky 1963 10.157 Cesare Augusto Rampoldi 1964 10.157 Flora Rampoldi nata Pfäuti 1964 10.223 Martin Christopher Hofer 1964 10.067 Milton Bracker 1964 10.102 Fred Pasetti 1965 10.169 Sofia Schlahota 1965 10.108 Cesarino Cavicchioli 1965 10.217 Mildred Bounous 1966 10.138 May Olivia de Rossi née Clark 1966 10.300 Gino Giardina 1967 10.196 Maria Albirtina Schwarze nata Libiszewski 1967 10.055 Inger Bang Lund 1968 10.182 Ellis Boltho von Hohenbach geb. Von Hedenström 1968 10.268 Elsie Rieti 1969 10.323 Calvert Casey 1969 10.363 Reno Martucci 1969 10.177 Veronica Rosa Silsby 1969 10.190 Nejre Frashëri Lindur Biçaku 1969 10.085 Maudy Eleonore Bernier nata Deubner 1970 10.096 Mario Margottini 1971 10.096 Helena Alexandra Grant née Wilkins 1971 10.138 Enrico de Rossi 1972 10.182 Alexander Boltho von Hohenbach 1972 10.294 Gaby André-Smith 1972 10.343 Lioia Drutskoy Sokolinsky nata Schirkievitch 1972 10.222 Jonas Ogden 1972 10.097 Stelios Theodossiades 1972 10.053 Josip Glamuzina 1973 10.032 Carlo Emilio Gadda 1973 10.049 Olga Signorelli nata Resnevics 1973 10.280 Fumelewa Scibaeva Lubov 1974 10.196 Andrea Checchi 1974 10.174 Emilio Lussu 1975 10.078 Cesare Longobardi 1975 10.313 Kjerstin Sofia Hardman née Nilzen 1976 10.184 Margery Mary Gambino nata Weitzner 1977 10.092 Jenny Mac Gillivray née Tvetene 1977 10.315 Vincenzo Cannata 1978 10.315 Teodora Cannata Pasini 1978 10.197 Maria Giovanna Lentini nata Frattarelli 1978 10.085 Carlotta Ninchi 1979 10.105 Hans Gross 1980 10.299 Franco Evangelisti 1980 10.097 Mabel Theodossiades née Flanagan 1980 10.319 Eugenio Maria Annovazzi 1980 10.106 Giorgio Fornalé 1980 10.151 Oliver Ogden Stewart 1980 10.305 Agneta van Randwyck 1981 10.287 Vittorio Scillia 1981 10.304 Wolfgang Lotz 1981 10.083 Michele Amato 1982 10.275 Francesco Burgio di Aragona 1983 10.158 David Moore 1983 10.248 Arthur Caldwell Showman 1984 10.050 Ida Brandt née De Sarno 1984 10.022 Mira Fattori nata Svarcenberg 1984 10.197 Sebastiano Lentini 1984 10.005 Geoffrey Palmer James 1984 10.066 Nadejda Zllatareff 1984 10.359 Valdemaro Boecklin 1984 10.077 Elly Wirth Burkhardt 1984 10.280 Guerrino Mazzoni 1985 10.196 Erika Checchi nata Schwarze 1985 10.148 Lucette Dabell née Youngs 1985 10.100 Hans Ulrich Boegel 1985 10.063 Gerald Charles Berriffe 1985 10.056 Suzanne Marie Abbas nata Nabbefeld 1985 10.099 Anita Rietmann nata Singer 1985 10.033 Dora Louise Prosperi neé Mortimer 1985 10.043 Luciano Ceccarelli 1985 10.356 Edoardo Capolino 1985 10.264 Katharine Onofrii née Breck 1985 10.302 Otello Griffoni 1985 10.379 Lydia Ivanova 1985 10.037 Gregorio Sciltian 1985 10.269 Gunnel Perrelli nata Karlström 1985 10.316 Romilda Freeland née Visioli 1986 10.356 Muriel Capolino nata Levor 1986 10.328 Ingrid Barbara Maccanicci nata Schönfeld 1986 10.277 Erica Gericke ges. Kunheim 1986 10.384 Peter Stephen Smith 1986 10.309 Fabio Gatto Roissard 1986 10.371 Edwin Benaroyo 1986 10.184 Julius Holstein Weitzner 1986 10.239 Victor Friedrich Christian Boitin 1986 10.179 Giuseppe Punzi 1986 10.157 Attilio Rampoldi 1986 10.365 Cristina Luisa Young née Pontani 1987 10.363 Enrica Favia 1987 10.042 Derek Evelyn Faulkner 1987 10.093 Frieda Helene Glaubke 1987 10.036 Robert Norwell Haywood 1987 10.334 Bruno Köhl 1987 10.322 Stanley Smith 1987 10.217 Franco Bounous 1987 10.010 Emilio Kronn 1987 10.303 Trude Krautheimer 1987 10.069 Ida Falcon 1987 10.003 Alessandro Corsi 1987 10.264 Cesare Onofrii 1987 10.283 Michele Iacontino 1987 10.110 Renate Erika Dauer geb. Willert 1987 10.351 Risto Boljevic 1987 10.308 Victor Vramant 1987 10.019 Pierina Savvanis nata Barbero 1987 10.317 Olof Malm 1987 10.295 Enrico Filippini 1988 10.035 Dayton Albert Allen 1988 10.242 Nikolai Christopher Chiodi 1988 10.041 Aurelio Miholyi Milloss 1988 10.047 Cristoforo Raspaolo 1988 10.241 Johannes Felbermeyer 1988 10.090 Gerbrand Hoornweg 1988 10.243 Stephen Grimes 1988 10.345 Bertram Ronald Whiting 1988 10.093 Richard Albert Friedrich Ernst Martin Glaubke 1988 10.375 Bogdan Bogunovich 1988 10.185 Nives Antar 1988 10.378 Helmut Hoppe 1988 10.325 Alexandros Petros Economides 1988 10.189 Alfio Mulas 1988 10.160 Emma Maud Carignani née Whybrow 1988 10.181 Silvio Mazzola 1988 10.309 Franca Fratini Gatto Roissard 1989 10.157 Elisabetta Rampoldi 1989 10.384 Alba Smith nata Barletta 1989 10.361 Alexandra Grigorjew in Zomack 1989 10.190 Vehbi Frashëri 1989 10.377 Paola Maria Isabella Grimaldi nata De Pellegin 1989 10.087 Paolangelo Furiga 1989 10.249 Johann E. Kniffler 1989 10.050 Vilhelm Zoëga Bang 1989 10.321 Mascha Ulla-Metta Cecilia Cederström 1989 10.360 Tatiana Khodakova ved. Gratchev 1989 10.233 Alison Mary Zanini nata Lloyd 1989 10.339 Fritz Bolli 1989 10.081 Antonio Martines 1990 10.196 Edvige Mady Crisafulli nata Schwarze 1990 10.079 Vassilka Welkoff nata Karanicolova 1990 10.061 Federico Mauke 1990 10.383 Tatiana Souvorine 1990 10.218 Leonore Gertrud Haag 1990 10.224 Ernst Abraham Lewin 1990 10.108 Karin Cavicchioli née Ohlson 1990 10.128 Vincenzo Girmenia 1990 10.119 Francesco de Farro 1991 10.247 Marie Kemp née Gilmour 1991 10.176 Rose Cassanelli nata Cohen 1991 10.207 Deidre Elizabeth Mahala Simpson-White 1991 10.078 Nina Longobardi nata Hagmark 1991 10.116 Elisabet Grimmer 1991 10.260 Brigitte Lavorano geb. Roland 1991 10.194 Markus von Haumeder 1991 10.246 Markus Rupp 1991 10.120 Emma Elfriede Bake geb. Ohst 1991 10.235 Sally Stoufer Tate 1991 10.190 Mediha Frashëri 1991 10.037 Elena Sciltian nata Boberman 1991 10.044 Aurora Ughes in Giacometti 1991 10.094 Elisabet Grimmer 1991 10.147 Max Gentili 1992 10.122 Licia Griffiths née Menegotto 1992 10.020 Meinhard Alfred Müller 1992 10.372 Jocelyn Roy Lubbock 1992 10.040 Lynn Sbiroli nata Salkin 1992 10.099 Dora Trionfi nata Rietmann 1992 10.317 Estelle Marie Malm nata Leander 1992 10.202 Ilse Johanna Ottilie Nast 1992 10.245 Francis Cox 1992 10.144 Elja Martynova del Neri 1992 10.370 Michel Claude René Wagner 1992 10.344 Mark Paul Gellard 1993 10.338 Bosiljka Embirilos nata Šaulić 1993 10.044 Antonino Loiacono 1993 10.279 Hamdi Fortuzi 1993 10.112 Erika Constantini geb. Schulze 1993 10.005 Palmer Judson James 1993 10.160 Giovanni Patrizi Naro Montoro 1993 10.085 Elio Ciarpella 1993 10.297 Bruno Pontecorvo 1993 10.349 Anna Maria Carnevali nata Davio 1993 10.067 Virginia Lee Bracker née Smith 1993 10.076 Ermelind Plouda m. Filacchione 1993 10.291 David Castaldi 1993 10.314 Mary Chamberlin Harding 1993 10.210 Ruth Schlitter geb. Volk 1993 10.337 Winston Burdett 1993 10.029 Dario Valeri 1993 10.023 Julian Percival Jenkyns 1993 10.102 Ninetta Selina Jucker 1993 10.050 Birgit Zoëga Bang 1993 10.026 Heinrich Bauer 1993 10.384 Thomas Joseph Smith 1993 10.333 Mohammad Hossein Naghdi 1993 10.165 Vasile Chircu 1994 10.303 Richard Krautheimer 1994 10.307 Eloise Fiamingo von Bernuth 1994 10.034 Andrea della Marra 1994 10.205 Helene Jacky Lavagnino 1994 10.236 Gerhard Eli Bildesheim 1994 10.296 Theodor Kraus 1994 10.380 Daciana Doina Loichita 1994 10.374 Dragutin Nikolitch 1994 10.084 Alfredo Antonio Mangia 1994 10.347 Assunta Santucci 1994 10.050 Mogens Brandt 1994 10.341 Sandro Ferri 1994 10.021 Derrick Plant 1994 10.122 Cyril Douglas Griffiths 1994 10.365 Eric W. Young 1994 10.008 Flora Jackson ved. Festa 1994 10.184 Ruth Clug Weitzner 1994 10.268 Vittorio Rieti 1994 10.287 Luciano Villarini 1994 10.342 John Greig 1994 10.292 Victor Emmanuel Orebi 1994 10.007 Ugo Lercher 1994 10.346 Alexei Haieff 1994 10.334 Valentina Kögl nata Stupin 1994 10.006 Manfredo Tafuri 1994 10.266 Armen Roy Sarafian 1994 10.096 Yvonne Kathleen Margottini née Grant 1995 10.140 Elena Thorsson née de Wiscovatoff 1995 10.126 Mildred Bernice Strom 1995 10.092 Giorgio Voli 1995 10.112 Luigi Castellengo 1995 10.084 Pantalea Mangia nata Lauria 1995 10.129 Johann Paul Scneller 1995 10.085 Albertine Schwarze 1995 10.369 Giovanni Ponzano 1995 10.131 Michail Issidoros Kastanias 1995 10.002 David Leonard Craig 1995 10.257 Konstantin Nedialkov 1995 10.201 JoaquÍn Sokolowicz 1995 10.017 Gianlorenzo Montesi 1995 10.335 Alexandra Stupin Angeloni 1995 10.285 Kjerstin Elisabet Maisto född Lind 1995 10.218 Alessandro Pesce Anetesista 1995 10.057 Emilio Servadio 1995 10.190 Ragip Frashëri 1995 10.225 Attilio Belezza 1995 10.003 Diana Evelyn Corsi nata Wingfield 1995 10.336 Jelena Kostić nata Popović 1995 10.065 Verena Niemeyer geb. Blenkle 1995 10.068 Sven Axel Forssell 1995 10.071 Margaret Ehlers 1995 10.015 Giuseppe Perugini 1995 10.169 Leonida Calandri 1995 10.288 Nikolay Ratchev 1995 10.164 Tanilo Cuvati 1995 10.059 Jan Kosinka 1995 10.028 Federico Suriano 1996 10.007 Ginevra e Ugo Mario Lercher 1996 10.244 Lucien Vermeiren 1996 10.118 Chiara d'Onofrio de Leo 1996 10.286 Costantino Coppola 1996 10.267 Guido Cesar Remerto Romagnoli Peralta 1996 10.231 Giorgio Pellegrini 1996 10.105 Katharine Gross geb. Fielitz 1996 10.049 Edoardo Cacciatore 1996 10.106 Dorotea Fornalé geb. Bayer 1996 10.011 Andreia Damato 1996 10.009 Nathaniel Rahim Hammond 1996 10.125 Esperia Strickland 1996 10.112 Adelia Castellengo nata Ferrari 1996 10.168 Louis Joseph Ross di Vienna 1996 10.170 Heimo Karl Hanig 1996 10.368 Mario Zagari 1996 10.183 Clinio Duetti 1996 10.147 Virginia Gentili nata Musatti 1996 10.005 Myra James neé Baeder 1996 10.050 Kirsten Boideef Lange 1996 10.229 Amelia Rosselli 1996 10.142 Martin Testa 1996 10.214 Mauro Nocchi 1996 10.290 Clemente Mosca 1996 10.225 Dario Bellezza 1996 10.082 Oddone Cappellino 1996 10.200 Eric Manly Sicely 1996 10.359 Maria Boecklin nata Farinelli 1996 10.107 Giovanni Lops 1997 10.264 Cesare Onofrii 1997 10.104 Rosalba Attenni in Ghersi 1997 10.024 Richard Mason 1997 10.025 Francesca Klar nata Arduini 1997 10.256 Stefano Michelangeli 1997 10.364 Giacomo Egidio Adduci 1997 10.264 Alessandra Adduci nata Chiozzi 1997 10.382 Maurizio Cerqua 1997 10.381 James Willis Gardner 1997 10.088 Stefano Colonna di Paliano 1997 10.367 Secondo Gerbo 1997 10.075 Francesca Silvestri 1997 10.039 Frederik Peter Belinfante 1997 10.206 Marian Wielgosz 1997 10.136 Irma Sagnotti nata Marcantoni 1997 10.226 Bruno Bonetto 1997 10.191 William Delmar Cavendish 1997 10.216 Tomas Michele Gero-Schneider 1997 10.162 Peter Zendman 1997 10.226 Rosa Maria Bonetto nata Gambrosier 1997 10.143 NinÌ Suriano 1997 10.358 Alfonso M. Di Nola 1997 10.203 Vincenza Giulia Ascione Sindery 1997 10.147 Claudio Anthony Gentili 1997 10.150 Malcolm Evans 1997 10.179 Mariu Puntzi Pollitzer 1997 10.155 Lello Scorzelli 1997 10.166 Francesca Canevacci nata Waldon 1997 10.211 Ielma Adinolfi 1997 10.274 Jorge Carruana 1997 10.238 Umberto Pizzi 1997 10.282 Vincenzo Barattucci 1997 10.123 Martin Le Mesurier Manson 1997 10.124 Cincia Menegotto in Di Marzo 1997 10.254 Reginald Bark Griffiths 1997 10.132 Pietro Lembo 1997 10.315 Giovanni Cannata 1997 10.074 Medea Moll geb. Maser 1998 10.298 Daniela Miarelli 1998 10.073 Renate Helena Vesper geb. Heusinger 1998 10.289 Dawn Spencer di Napoli 1998 10.174 Joyce Salvadori 1998 10.062 Harry Hall Burns 1998 10.167 Catherine Ellen ChristinaSnelling née Hillcoat 1998 10.319 Nelida Lenci Malgeri Crespi 1998 10.340 Junia Grigor'evna Hintz 1998 10.293 Cesario Manco 1998 10.188 Käthe Iandoli geb. Retusch 1998 10.072 Francesco Jatta 1998 10.060 Johanna Parenti geb. Galan 1998 10.337 Giorgina Nathan 1998 10.213 Giuliano Luberti 1998 10.198 Armin Degenhart Ritter 1998 10.287 Maria Villarini nata Marasco 1998 10.208 Augusto Banzi 1998 10.272 Ines Wild Piccinato 1998 10.329 Albert Fox 1998 10.225 Ada Marzo 1998 10.253 Gerald Alexander Fellick 1998 10.252 Constantina Gil Martin 1998 10.228 Fanny Clara Jansen (Biddy) 1998 10.195 Dend Al Haffar 1998 10.130 Enzo Ricci 1998 10.153 Nicola Chiari 1998 10.148 John Pierce (Barney) Dabell 1998 10.141 Marco Pisa 1998 10.138 Cesare de Rossi 1998 10.128 Margaret Joyce Allen 1998 10.058 Hugo Jean Adelhelm 1998 10.351 Matilde Morosetti ved. Boljevic 1998 10.147 Monica Gentili 1999 10.030 Alessandro Simone Jori 1999 10.110 Anna Dauer geb. Günther 1999 10.091 Doris Jackson Ullman 1999 10.378 Hella Hoppe 1999 10.199 Reinhold Langer Chefarzt 1999 10.189 Marina Ricciotti nata Mula 1999 10.240 Michele Salvatore 1999 10.204 Fernando Giuliano 1999 10.311 Umberto Missori 1999 10.327 Eric Noel Blaksley 1999 10.012 Giovanni Andrea Alessandro Conticello 1999 10.261 Maria Cangellaris Nestola 1999 10.114 David Botti 1999 10.332 Paolo Ungari 1999 10.281 Otto Lehmann-Brockhaus 1999 10.137 Giorgio Amici 1999 10.133 Kathleen Edmonson 1999 10.324 Nicolae Bujin 1999 10.284 Giulia Merlin Putzu 1999 10.304 Hilde Lotz geb. Bauer 1999 10.348 Bianca Fabbri nata Silleoni 1999 10.163 Guido del Borgo 1999 10.352 Lucia Sparisci 1999 10.350 Paolo Castaldini 1999 10.089 Franca Camiz nata Trinchieri 1999 10.077 Henry Alberto Wirth 1999 10.086 Egle Sonneman Furiga 1999 10.103 Giulio Abruzetti 1999 10.186 Michele Tolo 1999 10.013 Aurelio Giunchi 1999 10.151 Daria Ogden Stewart 1999 10.320 Lilian Julian Vranek née Friedlander 1999 10.262 Ingeborg Schiele ved. Caggiano 1999 10.178 Giorgio Sulprizio 1999 10.278 Nino Cordio 2000 10.135 Christian Frederick Charles Alfonso Maria Moll 2000 10.038 Gianni Lazzari 2000 10.016 Brigitte Olivia Niggli nata Martin 2000 10.276 Gladys Marion Popescu 2000 10.232 Phaedon Ioannis Stamoulis 2000 10.273 Emilio John Louis Ricino 2000 10.127 Howard Bernice Strom 2000 10.011 Allen Albero Damato 2000 10.249 Christa M. Kniffer 2000 10.101 Francesco Pirula Pittore 2000 10.253 Maria Teresa Micaludi née Ottaviani 2000 10.271 Remo Confalonieri 2000 10.255 Gert Honnens Henrichsen 2000 10.258 Carmelo Esposito 2000 10.354 Astrid Molstad Skullerud 2000 10.161 Carlo Alberto Galluzzi 2000 10.165 Paraschiva Chircu nata Pandelescu 2000 10.373 Greta Vaillant 2000 10.353 Juan Cristobal Lascovich 2000 10.264 Ludovico Onofrii 2000 10.156 Alfonso Maria Liquori 2000 10.154 Italia Merola Genova 2000 10.374 Jeanne Camille Nikolitch née Roudot 2000 10.176 Osualdo Cassanelli 2000 10.070 Peo Tecce 2000 10.178 Elsa Lydia del Rio 2000 10.064 Giorgio Garozzo 2000 10.109 Yolanda Stefanelli 2000 10.160 Patrizia Patrizi Naro Montoro 2000 10.045 Gaetano Napolitano 2000 10.329 Giovanna Apolloni Fox 2000 10.113 Maria Eunice Gonçalves de Araujo 2000 10.098 Anna Maria Bartiromo 2000 10.149 Gaby Bourdier 2000 10.312 John Mitchell Kirtley 2000 10.115 Margery Hulett Cardas 2000 10.318 Janet Hodge Are 2001 10.310 Börje Kyrklund 2001 10.112 Elio Constantini 2001 10.264 Giovanni Onofrii 2001 10.300 Mafalda dal Santo 2001 10.117 Cristina de Angelis in Benedetti 2001 10.284 Angelo Merlin 2001 10.048 Franco Calissoni 2001 10.349 Agnese Davio 2001 10.152 Ercolano Chiari 2001 10.265 Alice Ceresa 2001 10.088 Diana Colonna di Paliano de Minerbi 2001 10.193 Mario Tron 2001 10.355 Jacques Kassab 2001 10.095 Thomas Michael Lalor 2001 10.209 Antonino Vedda 2001 10.357 Piero Della Seta 2001 10.018 Hans Adolf Fritz Bott 2001 10.219 John William Perry 2001 10.220 Monica Lombardi 2001 10.221 Carlos M. Flinta 2001 10.230 Luce d'Eramo 2001 10.234 Orietta Jones in Del Mastro 2001 10.237 Stefano Calanchi 2001 10.323 Lucrezia Panunzio 2001 10.251 Lia Wahnstein 2001 10.362 Douglas Scott Crews 2001 10.018 Giulia Gernasia Bott nata Carmignani 2001 10.212 Marie Terese Lams Colitti 2001 10.097 Nestor Theodossiades 2002 10.121 Natasha Tubelskaya 2002 10.146 Shelagh Mary Cassidy 2002 10.376 name in Russian script 2002

Table to show numbers of new stones in the Cemetery (1984-2002)

unable to handle picture

Stones removed from the Cemetery (1984-2002)

This table contains the details of those stones which were removed, the information was gained in the 2002 survey based on the catalogue of monuments created in 1984-86. Where appropriate the maiden names of female memorials were included in this list to allow a preliminary understanding of the variety of nationalities within the Cemetery.

Stone no Name Year of death 92 George Peter Browne 1829 121 Betty Craig 1956 193 Jamila Majid 203 Magdalena Becker 1837 204 Edward and Joshua E. Jones 1839 236 Raben Leuetzau neé Holstein Lethraborg 1833 245 Ernesto Klar 1962 247 Vergnie Josephine Vegy neé Wunderlich 1842 271 Pamela J. Aitkens 1948 280 Bernard O. Binns 1953 281 Ann Batchelar and Anne Bythia Nicolls 1844 283 Carl Friedrich Ernst 1843 285 Cleo Schlueter 1955 286 Alexandrine de Balachoff et al 1844 287 Aleksandra Ivanova Balaxeva and Petr" A. Balaxev" 1844 322 Thomas Aubin 1844 325 Sophia and Teodosio De Bonis 1955 330 Tyge Bendix 1962 359 Johann Fritz 1848 365 Emmy Fruth 1943 376 Grace Wandesforde Deacon 1847 390 William Brown 1851 391 Rudolph von Engelhardt 1851 394 Carlo Kirsch 1924 403 Esther Edith Hovison Crawford 1864 404 Rudolph Friedrich Ohle 1929 405 Alma Ohle 1934 410 Nikolaos Mpazios and Gewrgios Sabbanhs 1952 414 Arthur Reginald Winn 1983 419 Walter Crawfurd 1852 421 Alma Vidal 1852 423 Johannes Heinrich von Groning 1853 427 James Richardson Hay 1854 441 Bernardino Giacometti 1963 450 Charles I Norton 1856 461 Olga Signorelli 1973 495 Guilelmus Schluttig 1830 510 Alfred Tiedemann 1937 512 Ulrich Wendriner 1929 515 Heinrich Andersen 1934 518 Edmundus Waller 1860 532 Marianna, Lodovico and Raffaello Conti 1906 536 Vera Mauke 1949 545 J. W. Dick 1909 547 Elvira Anspach 548 Franz Lothar Kaiser 1909 549 Emma Roy 1898 555 Carl Lossow 1861 556 Hylda Nora Grace Taylor 1902 559 Henriette Niebelschultz 1951 575 Frida Schaefer and Rudolf Bosselmann 1935 601 Bertha and Fridericus de Tippelskirch 1819 649 Milton Bracker 1964 685 Zorka Tocheva Mantcheva 1963 698 Louis Denham Fouts 1948 699 Grace James and Elspeth James Cavaletti 1965 700 Sarah Elizabeth Cole 1939 701 Irvicn James 1831 703 Alfred Mehnert 1954 717 Maudy Eleonore Bernier and Carlotta Ninchi 1970 742 Betty Muller 752 Josephine Cattaui 1944 772 C. Martin L. Schneekloth 1870 777 Qernyxev" 1862 782 Jenny Tvetene Macgillivray 1977 800 Theoktista 1872 814 Ludwig Ferdinand 1924 818 Mary B. Davies 1936 838 Clara Henly 1900 851 Barbette Arnous 1933 853 858 Henry Walpole 1876 859 Cecilia Walpole 1887 893 Dorer Clara Havauhi 900 Clara Rafaela Morland 1874 902 Helen Isabel Cobb 905 Joh. Heinrich Meyer 1874 938 Eberhard Friedrich von Hemmingen 1841 939 Verna Reynolds 1963 942 George Sargent 1849 956 Catherine de Contiar 1897 958 Mary Mackay 1895 964 Theodora Thomas 1936 965 Laura Larsen 1942 967 Otto Kahn 1932 968 974 Michael and Thomas Commini 1964 979 Joseph Everett Donaldson 1948 980 Flora Rampoldi 1964 981 Cesare Augusto Rampoldi 1964 995 Frances Vyvyan 1875 1.021 Ruth Wiesel 1.033 Channing Williams Cooper 1878 1.034 Ellia Mabel Trevisan 1.035 Leroy Romano and Margherita Vernon 1878 1.042 Maria Burmoff 1905 1.054 Stelios Theodossiades 1972 1.067 Henry Robert Durrell 1843 1.071 Paul Richard Lademan 1940 1.082 Thomas Hopkins 1848 1.086 Dora Selina Jucker 1961 1.094 Iohn Ker 1848 1.095 Wilhelm Dreyer 1938 1.100 William Barham and Maria Waterhouse 1.101 Joseph Thompson 1847 1.102 Maria Prouss Severin 1.104 Marian Grace Clayton Jordan 1956 1.108 Cesare Cavicchioli 1965 1.109 Ethel Fowler Ohlson 1959 1.111 Heinrich Gamper 1934 1.112 Anna Heide Arnheim 1940 1.121 Johanna Schulze 1982 1.127 Ottavio Giorgio Mannini 1956 1.133 Charles Summers 1.168 Julia McNamee 1.184 Bessy Hannah Kerr 1950 1.193 Laura Rommel 1905 1.194 W.L. Jones 1852 1.195 Peter Smith 1953 1.196 Fanny Cecilie Ortmann 1901 1.198 Anne Sophie Carlander 1960 1.209 Maria Olivia and Enrico de Rossi 1966 1.214 1.220 Lydia Wiscovatoff 1858 1.223 Anna Stcholokoff 1913 1.231 Alexander Wallner 1898 1.232 Ottilie Elise Kepdmuller 1933 1.235 Marie Auguste Ehrenberg 1938 1.237 Victorin Perot 1858 1.249 Maria Burgess 1891 1.254 Crawford Elizabeth King 1.280 Elizabeth Owen 1894 1.297 Johanna Volz 1.303 Sofia Schlahota 1965 1.308 William Howard Ames 1957 1.313 Xenofon Manias 1947 1.315 Henry Charles Lehrs Gibson 1960 1.321 Alessio Issupoff 1.324 Vladimir Tsandoff 1940 1.330 Veronica Rose Silsby Cicutti 1969 1.356 Georg Guido Alfredo and Ellis von Hohenbach 1942 1.356 Alexander Boltho von Hohenbach 1972 1.360 Toni Kesten 1977 1.409 Margery Mary Gambino 1977 1.427 Caroline Maud Topham 1861 1.437 Lucia Weston 1861 1.438 Charles Gordon Henderson 1933 1.439 Anna Maria Cook 1901 1.518 Tine Gori 1902 1.519 Margaret Andrews 1935 1.520 Johann Balthasar Soellner 1865 1.524 Mehdi and Nejre Frasheri 1963 1.561 Ellen Wonnacott 1934 1.564 Lucy Skin 1898 1.573 Maria Albertina Schwarze and Andrea Checchi 1967 1.586 Jean St. Clair Thompson 1893 1.591 Rosa Spring 1.592 Madelon and Rose Gernsback 1.599 Sigrid Gullbrandsen 1935 1.611 Georg Heinrich Busch 1871 1.614 Emilia and Gustav von Schmeling 1.619 Clara Ewane 1898 1.622 Maria Lehmann 1927 1.626 Bertha Walter 1932 1.632 Marie Morel 1933 1.638 Gustav and Clara Bretschneider 1876 1.650 Herbert Markewicz 1962 1.653 Emilie von Horn 1892 1.666 1.675 N.C. Burt 1874 1.680 Sarah Elizabeth Woodward 1874 1.686 Elizabeth S. Orr 1875 1.687 Fritz Seeck 1875 1.751 Kennethina Maclean 1.765 Martin Christopher Hofer 1964 1.786 Christina Santoro 1.794 Franzisca Willmann 1880 1.805 Maria de Lex 1892 1.806 Giorgio Janett 1906 1.824 Anne Hedger 1896 1.825 Sofia Worthington 1883 1.828 Alberto Eppler and Antoinette Behles 1913 1.837 Ann Teede 1883 1.838 Teresa Schmid 1932 1.849 Giov., Aless. And Emilia Calandrelli 1882 1.855 Fred A. Woods 1.875 Eugen Aragon 1885 1.881 Maria Johnson 1888 1.887 Jakov" Gavriloviq" Chapalov" 1886 1.888 Theodor Bruans 1886 1.889 Wulfgang Hauschteck 1886 1.898 Ellen and Sarah A. Clayton 1887 1.903 Eliza Jane Johnson 1886 1.904 Aaron Augustus Morgan 1888 1.908 Henry William Barfoot 1888 1.913 Flora Kate Elias Hayim 1966 1.914 Adamante Sechiari 1888 1.915 Christo Petzeff 1938 1.917 James Hill Tait 1900 1.931 Giulio and Beatrice O'Brien Marignoli 1971 1.941 Katherine Bender Eppler 1890 1.959 Ida Brandt 1984 1.992 Wilhelm Mumme 1907 1.994 Elsie Rose Rieti nata Rappaport 1969 2.019 G.P. Gonios 1961 2.025 Sarah Janet Aked 1907 2.039 Hermann Effenberger 1910 2.040 Virginie Ottilie de Kat-Koelman 1980 2.046 Annemarie Epler 1910 2.050 Frederick-Junius Sterner 2.060 Evgenija Orlova and Boris Orlov 1936 2.073 August Mau 1909 2.074 Theda Bakels van Hultzen 2.078 Enid 1912 2.079 John Dennis Paul and Alice Margaret Paul 1912 2.080 Katherine Cheesebrough Cammann 1914 2.084 Adolfine Auguste Axenfeld 1910 2.087 Giovanni Struever 1915 2.105 Edwin C. Cushman 1909 2.110 Alexander Cosby Jackson 1908 2.113 Federico Chamberlain 1908 2.116 Charles Bevan 1909 2.118 Pauline Luise Bertha 1910 2.119 Selina Stanford 1911 2.123 Lottie Life Clark 1912 2.126 Alfred Louis Moore 2.133 Jane Tolerton and Emily Creeth 1917 2.136 Charles Robertson Honey 1909 2.138 Rosamnd Fry Hawthorne 2.141 Per Willmers 1909 2.144 Helene Bamberger 1909 2.146 Theodor Dimitrieviq Krupenskij 1939 2.147 Leon Lwow 2.155 Isabella Armour Turnbull 1907 2.159 Martin Potter Jones 1909 2.163 Frank Mason Gilman 1914 2.178 Elisabeth Beloch 1943 2.189 Wolfgang Lotz 1981 2.197 Carlo Enderle et al 1908 2.200 Mar Viktorovna Gagarina 1924 2.201 M. Andreevna Gagarina 1917 2.222 Louisa Maria Valois 1920 2.225 Edith Mabel Gotthardt 1920 2.237 Margaret Morris 1919 2.240 Catherine Cochrane Alexander 1919 2.245 Hilda Mold 1921 2.246 John Edward Plummer 1921 2.259 Henrietta Webster 1922 2.263 Frederick Smith 1921 2.271 Georgina de Klupfell 1916 2.272 Agnes Carfrae 1919 2.276 F.K. Lademann 1922 2.280 Hedwig Frester Krause 1923 2.295 Sofia Omcikus 1965 2.298 Rista Radovich nata Perovch 1926 2.303 Stefano Cezarescu 2.304 Christine de Goll 1935 2.305 Louis Emile Adison de Goll 1935 2.362 Catherine Bannister 1931 2.374 Boris Kvitnickij 1930 2.389 Dragoliub Gjakovitch 1917 2.402 Olga Karabcevsky 1928 2.404 Aleksandr Zinoviev 1931 2.407 Ivanka Polkov Bogdanova 1936 2.410 Iustinio Osipova 1931 2.413 Daniel Restoreff 1923 2.418 meta Schmollig 1930 2.425 Sofija Lukinixna Lazebnikova 1938 2.432 Gerhardt Heinrich Clausen 1936 2.436 Georg Apitzsch 1929 2.437 Sally von Kugelgen 1928 2.438 Albrecht Christoff 1928 2.439 Hugo Oettershagen 1926 2.443 Anna von Adelman 1914 2.448 Emilio Fratschol 1925 2.449 Dirk Boltjes Echtgenoot 1926 2.450 List Edwin Mansfield 1927 2.451 …ilda Schusteer 1926 2.454 Mary Rice Perrin 1929 2.457 Maria Sokolninsky and Elena Baranovitch 1956 2.460 Vladimiro and Lidia Schirkiewitch Sokolninsky 1943 2.461 Alexandra Charin 2.462 Thoma Belba 2.464 Anna Matcharelli 2.468 Florence Anne Potter 1929 2.472 Alice Maud Mary Tombleson 1926 2.505 Arthur Edward Hicht 1927 2.506 William Plank 1926 2.507 Eleonore MacPherson 1926 2.511 David Frisby 1918 2.516 Dorotea Beloch 1952 2.520 Alice Marsh 1929 2.521 Dana Marsh 1929 2.544 Olga Meyendorff 1926 2.550 Kathleen Blanche Bray 1958 2.556 Reno Martucci 1969 2.565 Elisaveta Aleksandrovna Vasilevskaja 1929 2.566 C.N. and E.N. Miljutina 1929 2.571 Aleksandra Svijagina 1938 2.591 Marta Gerstauer 1919 2.592 Anna Lopez Svasso

Badly damaged stones (2002)

This much shorter list of stones was compiled during the 2002 survey. Although the remit of the survey did not allow for an assessment of conservation needs in some cases it was all too obvious that intervention was urgently required. These stones are those which were extremely badly damaged, that is, that they were in several pieces, that they had collapsed, etc. Many others were seen which had become illegible due to extreme weathering, which were cracked, which were so completely overgrown as to be invisible, etc but there was not an opportunity to record these problems in more depth. This list is offered in order to stimulate further conservation activity at the Cemetery.

Stone no Name Year of death 111 Elizabeth P. Lindsay 112 Marian Lindsay 1960 157 Charles Dudley Ryder 1826 279 John Clayton Manley 1844 654 Emilia Corrodi 654 Salomon Corrodi 666 Anne Blaxland 1865 809 Hubert Frederick Bartlett 1898 815 Luigi Capellini 1943 985 Henrietta Tower Wurts 1933 1.088 Mary Dorothy Mahone 1959 1.117 Georgiana Maria Smyth 1908 1.117 John William Payne 1884 1.269 Caterina Field 1885 1.320 Ivan" Davydov" 1836 1.348 Jacow Wackman 1963 1.354 Adolf Hallman 1968 1.494 C.A. Wilke 1865 1.535 Hussey Crespigny Vivian 1893 1.535 Louisa Alice Vivian 1926 1.885 Edouard de Tscharner 1886 1.916 Susanna Alden Mills Ruttledge 1888 1.926 Helen Le Roy King Scoponi 1952 2.096 Frank Nutcombe Oxenham 1908 2.142 Helene Klavness 1908 2.382 Ljubitza Reinwein 1951 2.546 Teodoro Edmondo de Krebel 1926 2.562 George van Ness Hines et al 1933

Material held in the British School at Rome Archive PCY001-001

Inscription records I - Completed records of inscriptions for stones 1-349

PCY002-001

Inscription records II - Completed records of inscriptions for stones 350-699

PCY003-001

Inscription records III - Completed records of inscriptions for stones 700-1099

PCY004-001

Inscription records IV - Completed records of inscriptions for stones 1100-1499

PCY005-001

Inscription records V - Completed records of inscriptions for stones 1500-1899

PCY006-001

Inscription records VI - Completed records of inscriptions for stones 1900-2299

PCY007-001

Inscription records VII - Completed records of inscriptions for stones 2300-2603

PCY008-001

Stone/person records I - Completed stone/person record forms for Parte Antica 1-85, Zona Vecchia 86-469

PCY009-001

Stone/person records II - Completed stone/person record forms for Zona Prima 470-959

PCY010-001

Stone/person records III - Completed stone/person record forms for Zona Prima B 960-1414

PCY011-001

Stone/person records IV - Completed stone/person record forms for Zona Seconda 1415-1986

PCY012-001

Stone/person records V - Completed stone/person record forms for Zona Terza 1987-2603

PCY013-001

Additional stone/person and inscription records - Completed stone/person and inscription record forms for additional stones 9001-9075

PCY014-001

Computer print-outs

Miscellaneous computer print-outs – may be redundant

PCY014-002

Plans of ‘Parte Antica'

Two dye-lines of plans of the ‘Parte Antica' area of the Cemetery

PCY015-001

Correspondence I - Letters 1980-1981 to/from: D. Whitehouse, S.E. Jean Pesmazoglu, Direttore del Cimitero, C. Krause, A.Walker, H.E. British Ambassador

PCY015-002

Correspondence II - Letters 1981-1982 to/from: D. Whitehouse, S. Rahtz, C. Krause, H.E. Greek Ambassador, H.E. British Ambassador, C. Nylander, H.E. Swedish Ambassador

PCY015-003

Correspondence III - Letters 1982-1983 to/from: D. Whitehouse, C. Krause, S. Rahtz

PCY015-004

Correspondence IV - Letters 1983-1984 to/from: C. Nylander, S. Rahtz, D. Whitehouse, S. Krause

PCY015-005

Correspondence V - Letters 1984-1988 to/from: C. Nylander, S. Rahtz, G. Barker, A. Claridge, P. Vian

PCY015-006

General correspondence

Post-project correspondence 1984-1994 – including General Commission correspondence

Photo PCY-1

‘Films' L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V - 18x12.5cm photos

3 larger photos - 29.5x21cm

Plus the files resulting from the 2001-02 project – three box files, not yet accessioned to the archive

Material held in the Istituto Svedese Archive Protestantiska Kyrkogårdsprojektet i Rom 11.07 Cimitero Acattolico al Testaccio – Korresp. 1976-2001 Corresp. (including re: Mohammad Hossein Naghdi) 11.070 Cimitero Acattolico at Testaccio – Protokoll 1983-95 Minutes, etc (including Sandro Veronese's (Studio Archaeosurvey) presentation on geophysical methods) 11.08 Cimitero Acattolico al Testaccio – Nord/britt. dok. Projekt Blank forms, etc; plan of cemetery 11.081 Nord/britt. dok. projekt – Korr.m deltagare 1984-95 Corresp. with Rahtz, etc 11.082 Nord/britt. dok. projekt – Diverse korr 1985-91 Corresp. with international institutions, Rahtz, etc 11.083 Nord/britt. dok. projekt – Korr.m proj. ledare 1981-91 Project from setting up to publication 11.084 Nord/britt. dok. projekt – Planering 1982-84 Project proposals by SPQR 11.085 Nord/britt. dok. projekt – Comitato dell'Unione 1984-89 Handful of letters 11.086 Nord/britt. dok. projekt – Ekonomi, ansökn.osv 1981-6 Swedish funding 11.087 Nord/britt. dok. projekt – Rapporter, artikla Offprints, reports 11.088 Cim. Acattolico – Nord/britt. dok. Prj. Arbetsf Includes ICCROM – Approccio Metodologico alla Conservazione della Pietra

Contacts British School at Rome

(info@bsrome.it) Via Gramsci 61, 00197 Roma, Italy

The BSR archaeology archive contains the original record sheets of both the major projects undertaken in the Cemetery, with some associated material. They also hold a set of reports produced by Agneta Freccero (see below).

For further information contact Andrew Wallace-Hadrill (director@bsrome.it) Director of the BSR and former Chairman of the Cemetery Aesthetic Committee, and Sarah Court (s.court@bsrome.it) who organised the 2001-02 project as a Research Assistant at the School.

Fototeca of the Bibliotheca Herziana

(riebes@biblhertz.it) Via Gregoriana 28, 00187 Roma, Italy

The Fototeca should hold the photographic documentation of the monuments with the most art-historical value.

Svenska Institutet i Rom

(srisv@vatlib.it ) Via Omero 14, 00197 Roma, Italy

The Swedish Institute holds the correspondence and documentation about the setting up and funding of the 1980s project.

For conservation information contact Agneta Freccero (agnetafreccero@yahoo.it) c/o Svenska Institutet who has undertaken conservation work in the Cemetery and documented her results. These reports are also held at the BSR.