Emerging arthropod-borne viruses, such as alphaviruses and bunyaviruses, represent a serious threat to human and animal health worldwide, and for most of them, vaccines and specific treatments are unavailable. Viral host cell entry can be divided into several entry checkpoints, and the most important checkpoints for low pH-dependent enveloped viruses, such as bunyaviruses and alphaviruses, include receptor binding at the cell surface and, followed by endocytosis, low pH dependent membrane ...