Cross-protectivity of henipavirus soluble glycoprotein in an in vivo model of Nipah virus disease

Findlay-Wilson, S; Thakur, N; Crossley, L; Easterbrook, L; Salguero, FJ; Ruedas-Torres, I; Fotheringham, S; Kennedy, E; Bailey, D; Dowall, S

Journal article

Cross-protectivity of henipavirus soluble glycoprotein in an in vivo model of Nipah virus disease

Abstract:: Introduction: Nipah virus (NiV) is one of a group of highly pathogenic viruses classified within the Henipavirus genus. Since 2012 at least 11 new henipa-like viruses have been identified, including from new locations and reservoir hosts; the pathogenicity of these new viruses has yet to be determined, but two of them have been associated with morbidity, including fatalities. Methods: The efficacy and cross-reactivity of two vaccine candidates derived from the soluble glycoproteins of both NiV and Hendra virus (HeV) was evaluated in our recently established hamster model. Results: Both vaccine preparations resulted in strong humoral responses against NiV antigenic targets, demonstrating cross-reactive immunity. Efficacy was determined through challenge of hamsters with NiV Malaysian (NiV-M) strain. 100% of the hamsters survived a lethal challenge dose after prime/boost immunisation with glycoproteins derived from both NiV and HeV in the presence of adjuvant, with clinical signs and pathology being significantly reduced in immunised animals. Discussion: This is first time the NiV and HeV soluble glycoproteins have been compared in the NiV-M hamster challenge model in the presence of Alhydrogel and AddaVax, providing evidence that glycoproteins from closely related henipavirus species can provide cross-protectivity against infection from alternate henipaviruses, supporting the potential of an effective pan-henipavirus vaccine for use in a frontline outbreak response.

Publication status:: Published

Peer review status:: Peer reviewed

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APA Style

Findlay-Wilson, S., Thakur, N., Crossley, L., Easterbrook, L., Salguero, F. J., Ruedas-Torres, I., Fotheringham, S., Kennedy, E., Bailey, D., & Dowall, S. (2025). Cross-protectivity of henipavirus soluble glycoprotein in an in vivo model of Nipah virus disease. Frontiers in Immunology, 16.

MLA Style

Findlay-Wilson, S., et al. “Cross-Protectivity of Henipavirus Soluble Glycoprotein in an in Vivo Model of Nipah Virus Disease.” Frontiers in Immunology, vol. 16, Frontiers Media S.A, 2025.

Chicago Style

Findlay-Wilson, S, N Thakur, L Crossley, L Easterbrook, FJ Salguero, I Ruedas-Torres, S Fotheringham, E Kennedy, D Bailey, and S Dowall. 2025. “Cross-Protectivity of Henipavirus Soluble Glycoprotein in an in Vivo Model of Nipah Virus Disease.” Frontiers in Immunology 16.
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