Cosmological tests of general relativity

Thesis

Understanding the apparent accelerating expansion rate of the universe is a challenge for modern cosmology. One category of explanations is that we are using the wrong gravitational physics to study the observations. Our paradigmatic theory of gravity – Einstein’s theory of General Relativity – may be subsumed by a larger theory.

This thesis develops a selection of tools for testing General Relativity and the numerous alternative theories of gravity that have been put forward. I advocate that an elegant and efficient way to test this space of theories is through the use of parameterized frameworks. Inspired by the Parameterized Post-Newtonian framework I develop a new formalism, the Parameterized Post-Friedmann formalism, that aims to unify the linear cosmological perturbation theory of many alternatives to General Relativity.

Having introduced the Parameterized Post-Friedmann formalism and demonstrated its application via a suite of examples, I examine several issues surrounding parameterized tests of gravity. I first consider how the structure of a parameterization can influence the constraints obtainable from a given set of data. I then consider how to describe the growth of the large-scale structure of the universe in a parameterized manner. This leads to a convenient tool for calculating corrections to the growth rate of structure in modified theories, which can be used both with the Parameterized Post-Friedmann formalism or independently of it. I present forecasts for how well generalized deviations from General Relativity will be constrained by the next generation of galaxy surveys.

Throughout, this thesis aims to take a synoptic approach to theories of modified gravity, rather than focussing on specific models. A question yet to be answered is whether this approach is realistic in practical terms. The final part of this thesis takes the first steps towards an answer.

Authors: Baker, T; Theresa Baker

• Publication date: 2013
• Type of award: DPhil
• Level of award: Doctoral
• Awarding institution: Oxford University, UK
• Language: English
• Keywords: gravity; cosmology; general relativity
• Subjects: Theoretical physics; Astrophysics (theoretical)